United States — policy, standards & engagement

September 9, 2026

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) & Vaults | GSMI 7.0

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) and vaults are quietly reshaping the future of automated finance—and GBBC's Global Standards Mapping Initiative (GSMI) 7.0 just dropped the ultimate blueprint.

August 6, 2026

IJBL Volume XV

Published August 2026.

July 27, 2026

GBBC USA | The Trusted Resource: People, Education, Access

GBBC USA is GBBC's U.S.-focused arm. Learn more in this fact card.

July 20, 2026

The 2022 Amendments to the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (USBC)

The U.S. Blockchain Coalition (USBC), a GBBC initiative, has been encouraging adoption of Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) 2022 Amendments using it as the priority USBC model piece of legislation across the states for 2026.

July 16, 2026

1 Year of the GENIUS Act

GBBC USA released a new Just the Facts edition outlining the GENIUS Act’s landmark federal framework for payment stablecoins, including issuer requirements, reserve backing, consumer protections, and compliance obligations.

June 25, 2026

GBBC USA Response to FinCEN and OFAC Request for Comment – Permitted Payment Stablecoin Issuer AML/CFT and Sanctions Compliance Requirements

GBBC USA has submitted our response to Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) and Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC)’s Request for Comment on Permitted Payment Stablecoin Issuer Anti-Money Laundering/Countering the Financing of Terrorism Program and Sanctions Compliance Program Requirements.

June 25, 2026

GBBC USA Response to FinCEN Request for Comment – Anti-Money Laundering and Countering the Financing of Terrorism Programs

GBBC USA has submitted our response to Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN)’s Request for Comment on modernizing AML/CFT program requirements under the Bank Secrecy Act

June 8, 2026

GBBC’s 101 Real-World Blockchain Use Cases Handbook | 2026 Edition

This Handbook is a valuable reference guide for government agencies, regulators, and central banks worldwide.

May 5, 2026

GBBC USA Response to OCC Request for Comments | Implementing the GENIUS Act for Payment Stablecoin Issuers

GBBC USA has submitted its response to the OCC’s Request for Comments on implementing the GENIUS Act for the issuance of payment stablecoins by entities subject to OCC jurisdiction.

March 16, 2026

IJBL Fact Card

Since 2021, GBBC has released the International Journal of Blockchain Law (IJBL), an open access online journal written and edited by lawyers, designed to help business and non-legal communities better understand the world of blockchain and digital assets.

March 5, 2026

GBBC Davos Member Roundtable: 2026 Global Priorities

The roundtable focused on aligning GBBC and members around top global priorities for 2026, with emphasis on strategic policy engagement and member-led workstreams.

March 4, 2026

IJBL Volume XIV

Published March 2026.

January 20, 2026

2025 Annual Report: "The Integration Era: Frameworks, Standards, and Real-World Impact"

GBBC is pleased to release our 2025 Annual Report, showcasing how our community delivered proof of performance across our core pillars of education, partnerships, and standards.

December 29, 2025

GSMI 6.0: Executive Summary - AI Convergence

GSMI 6.0 includes Executive Summaries, providing an outline of what is inside each in-depth report. Explore the GSMI 6.0: AI Convergence Report Executive Summary here.

December 16, 2025

GSMI 6.0: Full Update

GSMI 6.0 builds upon previous releases since 2020 by mapping, cataloging, and analyzing data from 230+ jurisdictions & 6 international bodies, 100+ standards bodies, 130+ degree/certificate programs, and 2000+ stakeholders in the blockchain and digital assets ecosystem. GSMI 6.0 also produced 7 standalone reports with visuals on key themes. These resources provide a holistic view of the industry’s global activity.

December 5, 2025

GSMI 6.0: Decentralized Finance (DEFI) Report

This paper covers the most important considerations for DeFi governance, drawing largely on selected submissions to the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Crypto Task Force’s request for inputs regarding the application of federal securities laws to blockchain and digital assets – specifically submissions that provide recommendations relevant for the DeFi ecosystem.

December 2, 2025

GSMI 6.0: Digital Money & Payments Report

This paper focuses on a specific subset of blockchain-based digital money models, specifically those that are backed by assets in a regulatory compliant manner, with the objective of explaining digital money payments using traditional payment processing frameworks.

November 26, 2025

GSMI 6.0: AI Convergence Report

AI deployment has moved from pilot to production – across content, decision support, and domain copilots. The upside is material; so are the risks. In the face of this trend, and the opportunities and risks it represents, this paper takes a position that is pragmatic: evaluating the use of blockchain strategically to make AI verifiable.

November 25, 2025

GSMI 6.0: Tokenization & Custody Report

Tokenization refers to the process of tracking the ownership of traditional assets like treasuries, stocks, and bonds on a blockchain. This may also convert rights to an asset into a digital token on a blockchain. It is a widely used concept, relevant for many contexts in the blockchain and digital assets space.

November 12, 2025

GSMI 6.0: Supply Chains & Critical Minerals Report

From smartphones and semiconductors to wind turbines and EV batteries, critical minerals power our interconnected world. Yet, their supply chains remain some of the most complex systems in global trade. GSMI 6.0 explores how blockchain and distributed ledger technology (DLT) can strengthen transparency, traceability, and trust across these vital networks – enhancing accountability, due diligence, and sustainability.

November 7, 2025

GSMI 6.0: Technical Standards Report

Technical standards for blockchain and digital assets, as in any new technology, are fundamental to ensure safety, reliability, and further innovation. Technical standards are fundamental for all use cases and sectors in which this technology is being adopted.

November 5, 2025

International Journal of Blockchain Law - Volume XIII

Published November 2025.

October 24, 2025

GBBC USA Response to the U.S. Department of Treasury Request for Comment on Innovative Methods To Detect Illicit Activity Involving Digital Assets

GBBC USA welcomes the opportunity to respond to the US Treasury Request for Comment on Innovative Methods to Detect Illicit Activity Involving Digital Assets.

October 24, 2025

UNGA Encore Report 2025 (September 25, 2025)

On September 25, 2025, GBBC's 8th Annual Blockchain Central UNGA convened in New York City to examine how blockchain-powered solutions can accelerate progress toward the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

October 22, 2025

Fact Card: U.S. Sandboxes

Across the United States, regulatory sandboxes are influencing how emerging technologies, such as blockchain and digital assets, are tested, refined, and responsibly scaled.

October 22, 2025

Just the Facts: U.S. Sandboxes

Explore the latest fact card on U.S. Sandboxes, developed with U.S. Blockchain Coalition (USBC) to track evolving landscape of innovation-friendly policy across the country

October 20, 2025

GBBC USA Written Input to the U.S. SEC Crypto Task Force

We greatly value the SEC’s ongoing engagement with industry stakeholders and its commitment to advancing a regulatory framework for digital assets that is clear, proportionate, and supports innovation.

September 1, 2025

Just the Facts Series: The 'Stable' Divide | USA vs EU vs HK Approach to Regulating Stablecoins

GBBC breaks down the key differences between two seminal pieces of stablecoin legislation in the USA, EU, and Hong Kong.

August 28, 2025

Just the Facts: U.S. Transportation

Trucking is more than just a mode of transportation, it is the backbone of America’s supply chain. Learn more from GBBC's fact card on U.S. Transportation.

July 9, 2025

Digital Money, Markets & Payments Series: Foreign Exchange (FX) Spot Markets

FX Spot Markets support global trade and monetary operations. Click the fact card to learn more.

June 30, 2025

International Journal of Blockchain Law - Volume XII

Published June 2025.

June 27, 2025

Crypto Investing and Trading | Blockchain Central DC Roundtable Recap

Participants assessed market infrastructure, stablecoin use, and evolving investor behavior. Topics included 24/7 trading, wallet design, fraud risk, and the implications of rapid innovation on retail and institutional participation. (Co-Chairs: Joe Castelluccio, Mayer Brown; Michael Piracci, OKX USA)

June 27, 2025

States Rights Discussion | Blockchain Central DC Roundtable Recap

Explored how U.S. states can act as testbeds for blockchain and AI policy. The group reviewed active and stalled sandbox initiatives, called for better coordination across academic, regulatory, and industry actors, and emphasized the value of public-private collaboration. (Co-Chairs: Dr. Brigitte Piniewski, Oregon; Robert Rueter, Nevada)

June 27, 2025

Supply Chain Leadership in the USA | Blockchain Central DC Roundtable Recap

Highlighted the need for harmonized data standards to increase traceability, transparency, and efficiency in global supply chains. (Led by BITA Standards Council (BITA))

June 27, 2025

Tokenization and DeFi: Regulatory Implications | Blockchain Central DC Roundtable Recap

Examined the unique challenges of regulating DeFi and tokenized systems, including classification uncertainty, market manipulation, and enforcement in peer-to-peer environments. (Co-Chairs: Manoj Ramia, Digital Asset; Stephen Wink, Latham & Watkins)

June 27, 2025

Reimagining Compliance, and KYC/AML: Better Ways to Catch Bad Actors | Blockchain Central DC Roundtable Recap

Discussion focused on the systemic limitations of traditional compliance frameworks. Participants advocated for risk-based, context-aware approaches and greater clarity in digital identity. (Co-Chairs: Michelle O’Connor, Taxbit; Shih Yun Chia, VerifyVASP)

June 27, 2025

AI, Changing Nature of Work, and Education | Blockchain Central DC Roundtable Recap

Participants emphasized the need to redesign work and education systems to reflect AI integration. Key topics included workforce displacement, digital divides, and AI literacy. (Co-Chairs: John deVadoss, Providentia Capital; Xiaochen Zhang, AI 2030)

June 10, 2025

GBBC’s 101 Real-World Blockchain Use Cases Handbook

This Handbook is a valuable reference guide for government agencies, regulators, and central banks worldwide.

May 15, 2025

Just the Facts Series: Supply Chains

Supply chains power the global economy, moving trillions in goods each year and connecting industries across continents. Learn more in this fact card.

March 19, 2025

What is Decentralized Finance (DeFi)?

Access GSMI 5.0's fact card “What is Decentralized Finance (DeFi)?” below, featuring the tech stack, key features, key takeaways, governance, and opportunities for DeFi as it continues to evolve.

March 6, 2025

Just the Facts Series: Puerto Rico's Act 60

Learn more about Puerto Rico's Act 60 in this fact card created by GBBC USA's USBC and Puerto Rico Blockchain Trade Association

February 26, 2025

International Journal of Blockchain Law - Volume XI

Published February 2025.

February 24, 2025

Just the Facts Series: SEC Crypto Task Force

On January 21, Acting Chairman of the U.S. SEC Mark T. Uyeda announced a new staff task force to develop a regulatory framework for crypto assets

February 19, 2025

Just the Facts Series: Executive Order 14178

On January 23, 2025, President Donald Trump signed the White House Executive Order 14178, titled "Strengthening American Leadership in Digital Financial Technology."

February 6, 2025

Just the Facts Series: "What is SAB 122?"

SAB 122, effective January 30, rescinds SAB 121. Learn more in this Fact Card, "What is SAB 122?"

August 21, 2024

Just the Facts Series: What is H.R. 2969?

Learn more about H.R. 2969

August 12, 2024

Just the Facts Series: About Global Layer One (GL1)

"Global Layer One", a whitepaper focused on the development of a foundation layer for financial networks, was released in June 2024

June 27, 2024

Just the Facts Series: "Illicit Finance Risk Assessment of NFTs" U.S. Department of Treasury Report, May 2024

Learn more about the U.S. Department of Treasury Report, "Illicit Finance Risk Assessment of NFTs" (May 2024)

June 13, 2024

Just the Facts Series: Part I | What is U.S. Debt?

Learn more about Part I of U.S. Debt

June 4, 2024

Just the Facts Series: What is SAB 121?

Learn more about SAB 121 - Updated 6/4/2024

May 24, 2024

Just the Facts Series: What is a Spot ETH ETF?

Learn more about Spot ETH ETFs

May 23, 2024

Just the Facts Series: What is H.R. 5403?

Learn more about H.R. 5403

May 22, 2024

Just the Facts Series: What is FIT 21?

Learn more about FIT 21

May 3, 2024

Just the Facts Series: The 'Stable' Divide | USA vs EU Approach to Regulating Stablecoins

GBBC breaks down the key differences between two seminal pieces of stablecoin legislation in the USA and EU

January 20, 2024

On the Cusp of Mass-Scale Convergence

GBBC is pleased release our 2024 Annual Report, which showcases the scope of our various initiatives and our members’ work from 2024 as organizations had the opportunity to bring blockchain into the limelight.

August 30, 2023

Total Value Locked: From DeFi to TradFi

Published Aug. 30, 2023 with Provenance Blockchain

May 1, 2023

Web3 (Spanish)

Published May 2023 El equipo de GBBC se encuentra encantado de ampliar el alcance y accesibilidad de estos recursos para nuestra comunidad global al presentar estas infografías educativas sobre la Web3 en español.

May 1, 2023

Web3 (English)

Published May 2023 Web3, the 3rd generation of the Internet, is based on decentralized networks and enabled by using emerging technologies including blockchain, tokenization, AI, metaverse, and more. GBBC members are continuously evaluating how emerging technologies can be utilized to address pressing challenges locally and globally, and identify the solutions offered that are not as easily accessible in Web2.

January 1, 2023

Driving Positive Change in an Era of Perma Crisis: Resilience Through Real Solutions

GBBC is pleased to showcase the scope of our various initiatives and our members’ work from 2023, embracing the full potential of blockchain and Web3. Read GBBC’s 2023 Annual Report to explore the endeavors of our community and learn more about GBBC’s initiatives from the past year, including the Global Standards Mapping Initiative (GSMI) 4.0, Food for Crisis, our mergers with BITA and USBC, and more.

January 1, 2022

Stronger Together: Rebuilding after the Maelstrom of Markets

Published 2022 - ‘Stronger Together: Rebuilding after the Maelstrom of Markets’ explores the endeavors of our community and more about GBBC’s initiatives from the past year, including the Global Standards Mapping Initiative, the launch of Food for Crisis, and more.

November 2, 2021

Part III: Trust and Transparency in the U.S. Election 2020

Published Nov. 2, 2021

September 14, 2021

Part II: Proof-of-Work Mining: Spotlight on Hut 8 Mining

Published Sep. 14, 2021 with Hut 8 Mining

April 8, 2021

Part II: Implications of Quantum Computing

Published Apr. 8, 2021 with Dragonchain

January 14, 2021

Part I: Delivering 21st Century Information Security

Published Jan. 14, 2021 with BTP and Taekion

January 1, 2021

Coming Together: Forging Collaborations in an Era of Profound Change

Published 2021

December 15, 2020

Part I: The Rise of Central Bank Digital Currencies, Spotlight on Project Bakong

Published Dec. 15, 2020 with SORAMITSU

May 14, 2020

Utility Tokens and ERC-20 ICOs: Where are we now?

Published May 14, 2020 - This paper discusses utility tokens, their applications, and their role in the blockchain and crypto community, focusing on their use in various sectors, the history of tokens, and the future potential of tokenized systems.

April 22, 2020

Part II: Legal and Regulatory Challenges

Published Apr. 22, 2020 with Norton Rose Fulbright and PTDL

March 17, 2020

Part I: The Rise of “Smart Cities"

Published Mar. 17, 2020 with AIFC, Citigate Dewe Rogerson, Los Angeles Blockchain Lab, and NYC Blockchain Center

March 6, 2020

Part II: Examining Vulnerabilities of Voting Machines

Published May 6, 2020 with REMTCS

January 1, 2020

Chain Reaction: Blockchain Enters the Mainstream

Published 2020

November 12, 2019

Part I: Voting in the USA - Can Technology Help Defend Democracy?

Published Nov. 12, 2019

January 1, 2019

Beyond the Hype: Building Blockchain for the Real World

Published 2019

January 1, 2018

Global Challenges: Blockchain Solutions

Published 2018

Biden Executive Order is ‘Watershed’ for Digital Assets - March 2022

The EO is a watershed moment for the industry, signaling recognition of the tech's importance to US national interests, strategy, and global competitiveness Read GBBC's full breakdown.

GBBC Statement on New York State FY23 Budget - April 2022

GBBC appreciates efforts by DFS, DFS Superintendent Adrienne A. Harris, and members of New York State Assembly, including Assemblyman Clyde Vanel and Senator James Sanders Jr., to create a regulatory environment and framework to more effectively and efficiently review BitLicense applications and improve oversight.

GBBC Writes to U.S. Congress in Support of the Wyden-Toomey-Lummis Amendment - August 2021

Read GBBC’s response to the Wyden-Toomey-Lummis Amendment to the infrastructure bill.

GBBC Testifies at New York State Assembly Hearing - May 2023

GBBC testified before the New York State Assembly during the joint committee hearing, “Examining the transparency and security of the cryptocurrency industry,” held by the Standing Committee on Consumer Affairs and Protection and the Standing Committee on Banks.

The White House Releases Comprehensive Framework for Responsible Development of Digital Assets: GBBC’s Takeaways - September 2022

This represents a major milestone for blockchain and digital assets, as the U.S. government seeks to ensure that the country remains competitive and at the forefront of thought leadership in this burgeoning space.

Treasury Suggests U.S. Companies Could Lead In Developing New CBDC Global Infrastructure - July 2022

GBBC CEO Sandra Ro shares GBBC’s perspective on the White House Comprehensive Framework for Responsible Development of Digital Assets.

Experts debate how to move crypto regulation forward - March 2022

GBBC CEO Sandra Ro and other experts provide their perspective on crypto regulation.

Biden’s crypto order: sea change for digital assets? - March 2022

The Banker Editor Joy Macknight summarizes the importance of Biden’s Executive Order citing a statement from GBBC CEO Sandra Ro.

Senate Bipartisan Agreement With Industry On Scope Of Crypto Regulation For CFTC - February 2022

A recap of US Senate Hearing on digital assets featuring testimony from GBBC CEO Sandra Ro.

New York State may loosen strictest-in-the-nation crypto rules - July 2020

GBBC CEO Sandra Ro spoke to Crain’s on New York’s BitLicense and the potential loosening of the state’s virtual currency regulations.

United States in Distress: Changemakers Needed Now - June 2020

GBBC CEO Sandra Ro addresses how the world’s leading technological and economic country is significantly outdated on two major levels requiring dramatic changes: government and politicians.

Blockchain Spending Steady in FY19, May Dip in FY20 - May 2020

The federal government’s exploration of blockchain technology was seen as a potential boon to companies that could provide applications, yet contract obligations remained steady from fiscal 2018 to 2019, and are on track to rise only slightly—or even decline—this year.

Voting in the U.S. — Can Technology Help Defend Democracy? - December 2019

While this report focuses on the U.S. voting system, many countries would benefit from voting reforms and we welcome global perspectives.

Notable Remarks & Key Takeaways from the GBBC’s “Demo Day on the Hill” in Conjunction with the Congressional Blockchain Caucus - November 2019

Several members of Congress spoke at “Demo Day on the Hill” on the state of blockchain technology, and the role of government and enterprise.

GBBC CEO Sandra Ro Appointed to NYS Digital Currency Task Force - July 2019

New York state lawmakers have appointed six experts from various fields to the New York State Digital Currency Task Force, which was created to provide regulatory insight.

The Global Blockchain Business Council Announces Its Legal And Regulatory Working Group - March 2019

GBBC’s LRG will be focused on advising GBBC member companies and the broader ecosystem on legal and regulatory issues originating from the development and adoption of blockchain technology.

NYCEDC to Open NYC’s Public-Private Blockchain Center - January 2019

New York City Economic Development Corporation (NYCEDC) has announced it has selected Future\Perfect Labs and GBBC to launch and operate the City’s first public-private NYC Blockchain Center pilot initiative.